However, his power was completely nominal at best, he might have had a religious role outside his relatively small domain around the once-great capital. took complete control of the country, but for the first part of it (the Seventh and Eighth Dynasties) there was still a Pharaoh at Memphis. On the other hand, the Greeks, with their collective hard-on for all things Egyptian, had written down everything they could find out about Egypt in a language Western scholars could understand but translated the terminology. However, this is based on Greek usage, which is understandable, as the Egyptian language was unknown to Western scholars until well into the 19th century (even after Champollion deciphered the Rosetta stone, the Ancient Egyptian language took decades to more-or-less-fully figure out - more or less, because there are still arguments, made more complicated by the fact that Ancient Egypt existed for three thousand-plus years and so changed a lot). After the collapse of the Old Kingdom, the regional lords - previously the Pharaoh's governors note In older books, these governors are often called "nomarchs," as the provinces were called nomes. The First Intermediate Period (2181–2055 BCE) counts as a highly restricted example. Older Than Dirt: Ancient Egypt provides two examples.Examples in this section are listed in (mostly) chronological order:
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